What kinds of device types are offered by ZigBee's Smart Energy profile?

The following describes the different devices in the ZigBee Smart Energy application profile, including their responsibilities, optional features, and some examples:

• Energy Service Portal (ESP) – This is the gateway device between the Home Area Network (HAN) and the utility’s backhaul network / Neighborhood Area Network (NAN); this device is often a Meter device as well, but it doesn’t have to be. These are usually co-developed with a utility because of the requirement to communicate with the utility’s (usually proprietary) backhaul network infrastructure.
• In-Premise Display (IPD) – This is some kind of display device that is used to inform the utility’s customer about pricing and usage data as well as any general announcements (similar to SMS text messages) from the utility. This could be as simple as a refrigerator magnet with an LCD or as complicated as a ZigBee-enabled PC application running on the desktop.
• Smart Appliance (SA) – This is any device that monitors pricing in the SE network and has an interest in altering its behavior based on the current/expected pricing of energy. Optionally, it can support SE’s Demand Response / Load Control (DRLC) cluster, which allows it to respond (by shedding energy load) to load-shedding events requested by the ESP. It may also have the capability for receiving the announcement messaging described in relation to the IPD. An example would be a washing machine that delays its wash cycles until the price of energy is at its lowest point during the day, and may postpone its work when DRLC events are in effect.
• Meter – This is any kind of energy meter, like an electric, gas or water meter that can track energy consumption. It is typically owned / managed by a utility. Meters can optionally track announcement messaging and pricing data as well.
  Programmable Communicating Thermostat (PCT) – This is a thermostat that is responsible for controlling a large load (HVAC equipment, typically). Although it can optionally pick up data relating to meter consumption, pricing and announcement messaging, its primarily requirement for SE is that it be able to react to DRLC events requested by the utility/ESP. (Note that this device type focuses only on the SE-related responsibilities of the thermostat. It doesn’t deal with ZigBee-based control/monitoring of any of the HVAC equipment directly; that is covered by the HA profile’s Thermostat device type.)
• Load Control Device (LCD) – This is a device that, at minimum, will respond to the utility’s DRLC events. Optionally, it may also monitor pricing. An example would be some kind of “smart plug” that cuts/minimizes power to connected devices when a DRLC event is in effect.
• Prepayment Terminal – This is a planned device type for future use in SE, when a Prepayment cluster has been defined to facilitate pre-payment of a customer’s utility bill for “pay as you go” energy services (which are becoming more common in some Asian, Europen and African countries). It does not exist yet, so this is just a placeholder.

…For more information about the Smart Energy profile, please refer to the Smart Energy Profile Specification, ZigBee document 075356, available for public download from www.zigbee.org. (Click on Products in the left sidebar, then “Technical Documents Download”, and choose the link for “ZIGBEE SMART ENERGY PUBLIC APPLICATION PROFILE”.)